Artikel
Matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9 expression in glioma infiltrating glia
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Autoren
Veröffentlicht: | 4. Juni 2012 |
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Gliederung
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Objective: Analysis of MMP-9 expression levels in glioma-infiltrating glia and examination of cross-talk between glioma cells and glial cells in the context of MMP-9 regulation.
Methods: We determined MMP-9 regulation by PCR, westernblotting and gelatinase zymography in a mouse microglia and astrocytes cell culture and in mouse glioma cell line GL261. We stimulated the cell cultures with the GL261 conditioned medium (GCM) and with the microglia conditioned medium (MCM). Additionally we used the mouse in vivo glioma model where we implanted GL261 into mouse basal ganglia. Afterwards we used immunohistochemistry and confocal microscopy to characterize the colabeling of the glial cells with MMP-9 in and around gliomas.
Results: The stimulation of primary astrocytes with GCM induced MMP-9 expression. 3h and 6h after culturing of primary astrocytes in GCM we observed a strong increase of MMP-9 expression. An increase of MMP-9 expression was also observed in primary microglial cells after GCM stimulation, but to a lesser extent. GL261 express MMP-9 only after stimulation with MCM. In situ, we observed the overexpression of MMP-9 in astrocytes and microglia surrounding glioma cells.
Conclusions: For the first time we identify the astrocytes and microglia as major suppliers of MMP-9 in gliomas. The astrocytes and microglia express increased MMP-9 after stimulation with GCM.