Article
The use of desmopressin acetate in intracranial haemorrhage
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Published: | April 28, 2011 |
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Objective: Physicians are engaged to refer all undesirable drug actions to their pharmaceutical committee at German Medical Fraternity. Frequencies of neurosurgical relevant intracranial haemorrhages due to acetylsalicylic acid are unknown. Surgical procedures are done with high intra- and postoperative risk of rebleeding, especially in emergency situations. The improvement of coagulation due to desmopressin acetate after usage of acetylsalicylic acid is presented.
Methods: In a prospective manner, the thrombocyte function after intracranial haemorrhage with usage of acetylsalicylic acid was tested while admittance (t0). In case of urgent intervention the dose of 24 µg desmopressin acetate is given intravenous. The function of thrombocytes is tested anew after 30 minutes (t1) and 3 hours (t2). The time needed to block a coated bio-active membrane (EpinephrinTest1 or ADPTest2) by a thrombus is determined. Patients with singular (PatS) and multiple (PatM) usage of acetylsalicylic acid are distinguished. Statistical calculations were done with p≤0.05.
Results: Thrombocyte function is tested in 18 patients that are admitted due to spontaneous subarachnoid haemorrhage (N=7), spontaneous intracerebral haemorrhage (N=4), traumatic brain injuries (N=3) and chronic subdural haematoma (N=4). Proportions of groups are: PatM N=10, PatS N=8. 1. PatM are showing a t0-value with more than 300 seconds. PatS have mean values of 180 sec. (test 1) and 100 sec. (test 2) (p=0.001). 2. Thrombocyte function can be normalized in both groups at t1 after application of desmopressin acetate. 3. Thrombocyte function was anew impaired at t2 in both groups. However, PatM have worse values (p=0,002). 4. There is no evidence of intraoperative bleeding complication or disturbances in water- and electrolyte-balance.
Conclusions: The application of 24 µg desmopressin acetate intravenous is able to normalize the thromboyte function after usage of acetylsalicylic acid, independently to duration of use. Desmopressinacetate is a fast and save option to normalize thrombocyte function before surgical procedures. However, monitoring of coagulation is still needed due to impaired coagulation after three hours after application. The effect of additive administration of thrombocyte-concentrates is to investigate. Desmopressin acetate is reducing the risk of bleeding complications in context with acetylsalicylic acid.